What Is a Bellows Seal Globe Valve?

A bellows seal globe valve is a specially designed valve that is highly suitable for industries dealing with hazardous substances. The valve’s unique design ensures that even the smallest leakages, which can be extremely critical in certain industries, are prevented. This is particularly important in industries such as the chemical and nuclear industry, where there is a high risk of leakage, explosion, and health hazards due to the flow of flammable, hazardous, extremely poisonous, and toxic media through the pipelines. The bellows seal globe valve, therefore, meets specific stringent leakage and sealing requirements that are essential in such industries.

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The Comprehensive Guide to Bellow Seal Globe Valves 1

How Do Bellows Seal Globe Valves Work?

Bellows seal globe valves work by using a compact structure that includes bellows for sealing the valve stem components. The bellows valve has a bellow inside, and the lower end of the stainless-steel bellows is welded to the stem to prevent the system fluid from eroding the stem. The other end is positioned between the body of the valve and the cover of the valve to create a permanent seal. This double seal configuration eliminates leakage. Even if the bellows collapse, the stem packaging will prevent further leakage. The bellows are welded to the valve stem to ensure stable operating efficiency and prevent the vibration of the valve stem induced by the movement of the valve insert.

The Comprehensive Guide to Bellow Seal Globe Valves 2

What Are the Key Components of Bellows Seal Globe Valve?

The key components of a bellows seal globe valve include the metal bellows, bonnet, the lower end and stem assembly, the upper end and connecting plate, and the sealing surface of the valve disc.
The metal bellows are the main feature of a bellows seal globe valve. They are made by rolling a flat sheet into a tube and then mechanically forming it into a bellow with rounded and widely spaced folds. Inconel is a common material used for making bellows due to its high resistance to corrosion and high temperatures. Cryogenic valves are also commonly made with metal bellows for their ability to withstand extreme temperatures.

The Comprehensive Guide to Bellow Seal Globe Valves 3

The lower end and the stem assembly are welded together, while the upper end is welded on the connecting plate using socket weld. This creates a metal shield between the fluid medium and the environment, ensuring zero leakage from the valve stem. The stem seals are an important component of the bellows seal globe valve, ensuring a tight seal and preventing leaks.
The sealing surface of the valve disc and the valve structure is precisely ground to confirm that it has passed a pressure rating test and that any possibility of leakage is eliminated. Graphite packing is used to ensure a tight seal and prevent any leaks from occurring.

What Industries Primarily Use Bellows Seal Globe Valves?

Bellows seal globe valves are a crucial component in a wide array of industries due to their exceptional sealing capabilities and robust design. The primary industries that utilize these valves are those where the prevention of leakage is of utmost importance, particularly when dealing with hazardous or toxic substances. These valves can be integrated with an API (Application Programming Interface) to provide real-time monitoring and control, making them an even more valuable asset in industries where safety and efficiency are top priorities.Petrochemical Industry: One of the key sectors that heavily rely on bellows seal globe valves is the petrochemical industry. These valves are used in various processes where they control the flow of flammable and potentially harmful substances. Their superior sealing performance ensures that there are no leakages that could lead to accidents or environmental contamination.Nuclear Industry: The nuclear industry is another sector where bellows seal globe valves, classified as ASME Class, are extensively used. In nuclear power plants, these valves play a crucial role in controlling the flow of radioactive substances. The double sealing design of these valves ensures that there is no leakage of radioactive material, thereby ensuring the safety of the plant and its surroundings.

The Comprehensive Guide to Bellow Seal Globe Valves 4

Chemical Industry: Bellows seal globe valves are also widely used in the chemical industry. They are used to control the flow of various chemicals in the production processes. The valves’ ability to withstand corrosive substances and high temperatures makes them an ideal choice for this industry.Electronics Industry: Other industries that use bellows seal globe valves include the electronics industry, where they are used in the production of semiconductors and other electronic components. They are also used in various plants such as power plants, water treatment plants, and manufacturing plants where they control the flow of gases and liquids. The vacuum industry also uses these valves due to their ability to maintain a high level of sealing under low-pressure conditions.

What Are the Advantages of Bellows Seal Globe Valve?

The Comprehensive Guide to Bellow Seal Globe Valves 5

1. Exceptional Sealing Performance: The double seal design comprising the bellows and stem packing ensures superior sealing performance. Even if the bellows were to fail, the stem packing would prevent any leakage, meeting international sealing standards. This high level of sealing capability is critical, especially in industries dealing with hazardous or toxic substances, where even the smallest leakages can have severe consequences.
2. Safety and Environmental Protection: Bellows seal globe valves minimize the loss of medium fluid, enhancing the safety of the plant where they are installed. This feature is particularly crucial in industries handling hazardous materials that could lead to accidents, health risks, or environmental pollution if leaked.
3. Energy Conservation: By reducing energy losses due to leakage, bellows seal globe valves contribute to energy conservation. This not only helps save costs but also aligns with environmental sustainability goals by reducing overall energy consumption.
4. Durability and Cost Savings: With minimized leakage, bellows seal globe valves require less frequent maintenance and replacements. The extended valve life results in significant cost savings in terms of maintenance and replacement expenses.
5. Maintenance-Free Operation: The rugged bellows seal design ensures zero leakage from the valve stem, providing maintenance-free conditions. This improves operational efficiency and reduces downtime for maintenance activities.

What Are Some Types of Bellows Seal Globe Valve?

Bellows seal globe valves come in various types, each designed to meet specific application requirements. Here are some common types:

1. Welded Ends Bellow Seal Globe Valve: This type of valve is characterized by its welded ends, providing a robust and leak-proof connection. It’s ideal for high-pressure applications where a strong connection is essential.
2. Flanged Bellow Seal Globe Valve: This valve features flanged ends, which allow for easy installation and removal. It’s suitable for applications that require regular maintenance or replacement of the valve.
3. Socket-Welded Bellows Seal Globe Valve: This type of valve has socket-welded ends, providing a strong, leak-proof connection. It’s ideal for high-pressure applications and is often used in the petrochemical and nuclear industries.
4. Threaded Bellows Seal Globe Valve: This valve features threaded ends, making it easy to install and remove. It’s suitable for low to medium pressure applications.
5. Extended Bellows Seal Globe Valve: This valve features an extended bellows seal, providing additional protection against leakage. It’s ideal for applications that require a high level of sealing performance.
6. Y Pattern Bellows Seal Globe Valve: This valve features a Y pattern body, which allows for a more streamlined flow of fluid through the valve. It’s ideal for applications that require a high flow rate.

How to Select the Bellows?

1. Inner Diameter: The inner diameter of the bellows should be greater than the stem diameter, typically 115 mm. This allows the stem to move freely within the bellows without causing any damage.
2. Outer Diameter: The outer diameter of the bellows is usually selected based on the inner diameter. The ratio of the outer to the inner diameter is generally between 113 to 115.
3. Wall Thickness, Number of Layers, Corrugations, and Length: These specifications should meet the requirements of pressure resistance, stroke, and cycle life of the corrugated pipe, ensuring that the bellows can endure operational pressures and temperatures.
4. Bellows Design: For handling higher pressures, a multiply design of bellows (using 2 or 3 piles of the metal wall) is recommended.

The Comprehensive Guide to Bellow Seal Globe Valves 6

5. Material: The material of the bellows components should be selected based on the allowable temperature range, formability, welding performance, and compatibility with the medium. This guarantees the longevity of the bellows in various operational conditions.

What Is the Difference Between a Bellows Seal Globe Valve and a Normal Valve?

AspectBellows Seal Globe ValveNormal ValveSealing MechanismDouble seal (bellows + packing)Single sealLeakage PreventionExceptional sealing performanceLess reliable sealingApplicationHazardous or toxic substancesGeneral applicationsSafetyHigh safety standardsStandard safety precautionsEnvironmental ProtectionMinimizes medium fluid lossMay cause fluid leakageEnergy ConservationContributes to energy savingsEnergy losses may occurDurabilityLonger valve lifeStandard valve lifespanMaintenanceReduced maintenance needsRegular maintenance requiredSuitable for High-PressureYesYes (depending on the type)Suitable for High-TemperatureYesYes (depending on the type)Material CompatibilityResistant to corrosive fluidsMay be prone to corrosionCostHigher initial costStandard cost

What Causes Leakage in Bellows Seal Globe Valves and How Can It Be Prevented?

Causes of LeakagePrevention MeasuresDamage to the BellowsRegular inspection and immediate replacement of damaged bellowsExcessive PressureUse of pressure relief devices and adherence to operating limitsCorrosive SubstancesUse of corrosion-resistant materialsHigh TemperatureUse of temperature-resistant materials and cooling mechanismsImproper InstallationProper installation following manufacturer’s instructionsPoor MaintenanceRegular and thorough maintenance routinesLow-Quality MaterialsUse of high-quality, durable materialsPoor Manufacturing ProcessesSelection of valves from reputable and reliable manufacturersIncorrect OperationTraining and adherence to correct operating procedures

What Are Some Precautions Should Be Taken While Using Bellows Seal Globe Valves?

1. Adhere to Manufacturer’s Instructions: Always read and follow all instructions and warnings provided by the manufacturer to prevent valve damage and potential safety hazards.
2. Proper Installation: Ensure the valve is installed correctly to prevent leakage and other operational issues. Incorrect installation can lead to numerous issues, including leakage and inefficient operation.
3. Suitability for Application: Check the pressure and temperature ratings and ensure the valve material is compatible with the fluid being handled. The valve should suit the specific requirements of your application.
4. Regular Maintenance and Inspection: Regularly inspect the valve for signs of damage or wear and replace any damaged components promptly. If the bellows are damaged, immediate replacement is necessary to prevent leakage.
5. Use As Intended: The valve should always be used in accordance with its intended purpose. Using the valve in applications for which it is not designed can lead to damage and potential safety hazards.

Conclusion

In conclusion, bellows seal globe valves are an essential component in many industries due to their superior sealing capabilities and robust design. They offer numerous advantages, including enhanced safety, environmental protection, and energy conservation. However, it’s important to select the right bellows and take necessary precautions to ensure safe and efficient operation.

Opt for Dombor

When it comes to bellows seal globe valves, Dombor is a trusted name in the industry. With a commitment to quality and innovation, Dombor offers a wide range of bellows seal globe valves designed to meet the specific needs of various industries. Whether you need a welded ends bellow seal globe valve for high-pressure applications or a flanged bellow seal globe valve for easy installation and maintenance, Dombor has you covered. With Dombor, you can be assured of superior performance, durability, and reliability. Choose Dombor for all your bellows seal globe valve needs.

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Bellows Seal Gate or Globe

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Bellows Seal Gate or Globe

Bellows Seal Gate or Globe

engineer2385

(Mechanical)

(OP)

12 May 15 16:13

Hello Everyone,
I am new to the Valve industry and learning different designs and standards. Just came across Bellows Seal Gate and Globe. I read SP-117 and a few drawings and see that Bellows undergo Compression and Extension cycle under pressure. Recently, I observed leakage through Bellows Seal with fluid leaking through the bushing. Can someone explain more on Bellows seal from its Design point of view and how they handle fluid pressure?

Thank you

RE: Bellows Seal Gate or Globe

venividivici

(Mechanical)

18 May 15 19:34

What kind of fluid are you dealing with and at what temperature? Mechanical seals such as these are rated for pressure based on a specific gravity and temperature of the fluid. The lower the SG or the higher the temperature, the lower the pressure rating will be.

RE: Bellows Seal Gate or Globe

pennpiper

(Mechanical)

18 May 15 21:18

"I observed leakage through Bellows Seal with fluid leaking through the bushing."

This should not happen unless there is a rupture of the bellows.
Look here:

This should not happen unless there is a rupture of the bellows.Look here: www.google.com/search?q=bellows+seal+gate+valve&am... =_

Sometimes its possible to do all the right things and still get bad results

RE: Bellows Seal Gate or Globe

engineer2385

(Mechanical)

(OP)

19 May 15 13:38

Apparently, the bushing came loose due to pressure. There was no fluid leakage through the bushing(it was wrong I said that in the first post). To me, it looks like the fluid load being applied to bellows transferred the load up until bushing making it loose. This was surprising since this being a Gate valve wherein the axial load is lesser(as compared to globe). That's why I'm trying to understand the way Bellows seal handle fluid pressure. There was no rupture of the Bellows here and this happened during the hydro test.

RE: Bellows Seal Gate or Globe

gerhardl

(Mechanical)

19 May 15 14:58
It is still a bit unclear how the different parts are located and being mecanically moved by spindle movement and fluid pressure relative to each other.

If the bellows are non-leaking apart form inlet and outlet openings for spindle and bushings, there could possibly be an operation - caused 'wrong' movement of the spindle.

The spindle could be forcing the bellows to stretch or compress (or skew) more than allowed for by the construction. An unprecise operation or forced operation against poorly machined or placed/dimensioned end-stops, sealings or bushings could give the result you are describing.

It is still a bit unclear how the different parts are located and being mecanically moved by spindle movement and fluid pressure relative to each other.If the bellows are non-leaking apart form inlet and outlet openings for spindle and bushings, there could possibly be an operation - caused 'wrong' movement of the spindle.The spindle could be forcing the bellows to stretch or compress (or skew) more than allowed for by the construction. An unprecise operation or forced operation against poorly machined or placed/dimensioned end-stops, sealings or bushings could give the result you are describing.

RE: Bellows Seal Gate or Globe

bellowsmfg

(Aerospace)

9 Jun 15 17:47
A. Pressure Trust - When a bellow is put under pressure it produces a pressure thrust (P x Ae), where P is the Pressure and Ae is the Effective Area of the bellows. If the connecting ends are not property designed to deal with this, issues will arise.
B. Displacement - The bellow is designed to displace, ensure the displacements have been calculated correctly and compare to the design displacements of the bellows.
C. Cycles - Bellows are designed for a certain number of cycles. For your industry it is usual to try and design for 100k cycles. Other industries go a low as 1000 cycles. Determine how long it takes for your valve to reach 100k cycles (or your design number of cycles) so you know how frequently the bellow needs to be changed out. Understand each induced stress in a bellow is considered a cycle (be it pressure, thermal or displacement).
D. Vibration - Observed if there is vibration in the system. The natural frequencies of a bellow can be calculated or provided by the manufacturer. Compare these to frequencies produced in the system to ensure you do not have resonance.

That will keep you moving in the right direction for now.

All my best

Conor

There could be several issues here so I'll hit on a few and you can look further into it.A. Pressure Trust - When a bellow is put under pressure it produces a pressure thrust (P x Ae), where P is the Pressure and Ae is the Effective Area of the bellows. If the connecting ends are not property designed to deal with this, issues will arise.B. Displacement - The bellow is designed to displace, ensure the displacements have been calculated correctly and compare to the design displacements of the bellows.C. Cycles - Bellows are designed for a certain number of cycles. For your industry it is usual to try and design for 100k cycles. Other industries go a low as 1000 cycles. Determine how long it takes for your valve to reach 100k cycles (or your design number of cycles) so you know how frequently the bellow needs to be changed out. Understand each induced stress in a bellow is considered a cycle (be it pressure, thermal or displacement).D. Vibration - Observed if there is vibration in the system. The natural frequencies of a bellow can be calculated or provided by the manufacturer. Compare these to frequencies produced in the system to ensure you do not have resonance.That will keep you moving in the right direction for now.All my bestConor

Bellows Manufacturing and Research, Inc.
https://bellowsmfg.com

RE: Bellows Seal Gate or Globe

engineer2385

(Mechanical)

(OP)

11 Jun 15 17:59

gerhardl and bellowsmfg,
Thanks for your reply. It gives me insight into design of bellows and different ways bellows can fail.

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