How do you cool down a cryogenic tank?

Liquefied gas (sometimes referred to as liquid gas) is a gas that has been turned into a liquid by cooling or compressing it. Examples of liquefied gases include liquid air, liquefied natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas.

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Liquid air

At the Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine, liquid air has been brought into use as an agent in biological research. An inquiry into the intracellular constituents of the typhoid bacillus, initiated under the direction of Doctor Allan Macfadyen, necessitated the separation of the cell-plasma of the organism. The method at first adopted for the disintegration of the bacteria was to mix them with silver-sand and churn the whole up in a closed vessel in which a series of horizontal vanes revolved at a high speed. But certain disadvantages attached to this procedure, and accordingly some means was sought to do away with the sand and triturate the bacilli per se. This was found in liquid air, which, as had long before been shown at the Royal Institution, has the power of reducing materials like grass or the leaves of plants to such a state of brittleness that they can easily be powdered in a mortar. By its aid a complete trituration of the typhoid bacilli has been accomplished at the Jenner Institute, and the same process, already applied with success also to yeast cells and animal cells, is being extended in other directions.

When air is liquefied the oxygen and nitrogen are condensed simultaneously. However, owing to its greater volatility the latter boils off the more quickly of the two, so that the remaining liquid becomes gradually richer and richer in oxygen.

Liquefied natural gas

Liquefied natural gas is natural gas that has been liquefied for the purpose of storage or transport. Since transportation of natural gas requires a large network of pipeline that crosses through various terrains and oceans, a huge investment and long term planning are required. Before transport, natural gas is liquefied by pressurization. The liquefied gas is then transported through tankers with special airtight compartments. When the tanks are opened and the liquid exposed to atmospheric pressure, the liquid boils off from the latent heat of the air or its container.

References

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Dewar, James (). "Liquid Gases". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 744'759.

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Cryospain is proud to announce another successful project. We carried out the cooling down of a 4,500m3 liquid gas cryogenic tank located in Ras Laffan Industrial City, Qatar.

Our engineers designed this flat bottom tank, manufactured it in our own facilities and assembled it on site under the supervision of one of our specialists. As always, compliance is key, so we met all the requirements of API 620 12th edition Addendum 1 (October ). We also handled one of the most important elements of any new installation: the cooling down of the tank.

Cooling down: getting your tank ready for the best possible performance

Cryogenic cooling down is an operation that consists of bringing the different parts of the inner stainless steel tank to cryogenic temperature to ready the tank for the first liquid load. A liquefied gas is progressively poured into the tank, cooling it down until liquefied gas is obtained at the bottom. The time this process takes will depend on the size of the tank.

This operation required 9 liquid nitrogen ISO-TANKS of 15 Tn each. It took 5 days to achieve complete cooling of the 4,500m3 tank.

A Cryospain engineer was on site to supervise the operation with the plant's logistics team as well as an operations team located in the control room. As usual, our experts skilfully handled the very delicate operation, meeting all their deadlines too.

Before, during 'and after: Cryospain's after-sales services

The cooling down of this tank in Qatar is another example of Cryospain's technical capacity to offer our clients the highest quality after-sales service.
We offer refurbishment or repairs, advice and elaboration of procedures for all types of tanks, cisterns and cryogenic tanks. We meet the customer's needs while also complying with the strictest international and national regulations.

If you need to cool your cryogenic tank or are looking for a cryogenic solution for your business strategy, why not contact Cryospain today? Or write to us at and see for yourself why we're leaders in cryogenic engineering.

Our international experience is our guarantee.

If you want to learn more, please visit our website Dewar Tank Custom.