How Do Air-Operated Diaphragm Pumps Work?

How Do Air-Operated Diaphragm Pumps Work?

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Air-operated double-diaphragm (AODD) pumps are essential in various industries, ranging from petrochemical to food and beverage due to their versatility and efficiency in handling abrasive and viscous products. So, how exactly do these pumps operate?

An AODD pump is a positive displacement pump that uses compressed air as its power source. This compressed air alternates between the pump’s chambers via a linked shaft, enabling the chambers to move back and forth simultaneously. During this process, liquid is pushed out of one chamber and into the discharge piping while the other chamber fills with liquid.

COMPRESSED AIR AND AIR CONSUMPTION

Note that compressed air straight from the compressor is often wet, dirty, warm, and unregulated, which can damage AODD pumps. Providing the pump with clean and regulated air is essential for its longevity and performance. Filter regulators are recommended to ensure the air quality by removing contaminants and regulating the pressure.

DIAPHRAGMS

AODD pumps use reciprocating elastomeric diaphragms and check valves for fluid transfer. These flexible diaphragms, available in various materials, should be chosen based on their chemical compatibility with the pumped fluid. The chambers are filled and emptied as fluid is drawn in and discharged through a single outlet. AODD pumps excel in handling sludges, slurries, and highly viscous liquids, thanks to their excellent suction lift characteristics.

Watch the video below for a visual explanation:

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BALL VALVE PUMPS VS FLAP VALVE PUMPS

AODD pumps may use either ball valves or flap valves depending on the type and behavior of the solids in the fluid. Flap valves are ideal for large solids or solids-laden slurries, while ball valves perform best with settling, floating, or suspended solids. Additionally, the suction and discharge ports differ between the two: ball valve pumps have bottom suction ports, whereas flap valve pumps feature top suction ports suitable for handling solids.

PULSATION

Air-operated diaphragm pumps typically produce pulsating flow, which can cause system movement. This pulsation can be mitigated using pulsation dampeners, which absorb energy from the pulse wave and create low-pressure areas in the system. The dampener's membrane flexes to absorb pulses, ensuring a smooth, laminar flow downstream.

AODD pumps provide reliable and straightforward pumping solutions for various fluids across numerous industries. Crane Engineering offers expert insights and services for AODD, positive displacement, and centrifugal pumps. Our engineers can assist with pumps, valves, and skid systems, and our service team ensures repairs meet OEM standards. Contact us today for assistance.

Curious if an air-operated double diaphragm pump fits your application? Watch our webinar or contact our team of experienced engineers to find out. If you already know what you need, request a quote!

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