What Is Vane Compressor - NAILI

What Is Vane Compressor

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The vane compressor, also known as the rotary vane air compressor, uses centrifugal motion to generate compressed air instead of using the reciprocating motion of a piston pump.

Another type of air compressor that uses centrifugal motion is a rotary screw compressor, which uses gears to make air, unlike the vanes used in vane compressor designs.

The concept of vane compressor

In the air tool, compressed air enters the air inlet, which is perpendicular to the smallest compartment of the vane-housing inside the air tool. Compressed air enters the air tool from the high-pressure area, and the air "wants" to move to a relatively low-pressure area, that is, return to the atmospheric pressure outside the air tool. When the air moves from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area inside the tool, it also moves the vanes, causing the centrifugal movement of the vanes and the rotational movement of the shaft to which the vanes are connected.

It is the compressed air that moves from the high-pressure area in the air tool to the low-pressure exhaust port, rotating the vanes and driving the air tool.

The working principle of the vane compressor is the same as that of many compressed air expansion motors. The vanes are usually made of special cast alloys, and most blade compressors are oil lubricated. The rotor with radial, movable blade-shaped vanes is eccentrically mounted in the stator housing. When it rotates, the vanes are pressed against the stator wall by centrifugal force. When the distance between the rotor and the stator increases, the air is sucked in. The air is trapped in different compressor bags, and the volume decreases with the rotation. When the vane passes the outlet, the air is expelled.

Characteristics of vane compressor

Many vane air compressors do not have the high and low-pressure cut-off settings that regularly stop the motor, but are designed to allow the motor to run continuously. When the pressure in the tank is reached, the motor flywheel, when the motor is unloaded, no longer delivers air into the tank, and the load of the motor is reduced through the unloading process.

The vane compressor can be equipped with an external casing, so the compressor looks like a large metal box. In addition to the cosmetic value, the housing usually provides sound attenuation. This is usually required.

Manufacturers of rotary vane compressors stated that their units are more compact than other types of compressors, but can provide more compressed air output than reciprocating units of the same size.

Rotary vane compressors claim a longer life expectancy in continuous working applications. Please note that some rotary screw air compressor manufacturers have the same statement.

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Manufacturers claim that rotating vane units are easier to repair than other types of compressors, and they are ideal for medium-pressure applications.

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While rotary vane and reciprocating compressors perform the same job, they do it in different ways. Each works by intaking gas, but reciprocating compressors use a piston cylinder device to compress gas, drawing in air or other gases on the down stroke and then compressing and discharging them from the cylinder via upward movement of the piston. Rotary vane compressors have; a rotor that is offset inside a cylinder houses sliding vanes that are pushed against the cylinder wall by centrifugal force, which in turn compresses the gas.

Let’s take a more in-depth look at these two different mechanisms for compressing gas.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Rotary Vane Compressors

With a proper maintenance routine, you can expect a rotary vane compressor to have a long lifespan, running for many, many years in even the most demanding conditions. When vanes do need maintenance or repairs, it can be done in the field and part replacement requires just a few hand tools and a few hours on site. Only a small amount of oil is needed for lubrication purposes.

When compared to reciprocating compressors, rotary vane compressors are simpler in design. Reciprocating compressors are much more complex machines, with many more moving parts. More moving parts means an increased risk of failure, as there are more parts that can malfunction.

Rotary vane compressors are a tried-and-true technology, in use for over one-hundred years and perfected over time by vane compressor manufacturers, although they are considered a niche product, particularly when compared with more widely-used reciprocating compressors.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Reciprocating Compressors

Also known as piston compressors, these units use positive displacement to compress gas with very little wasted energy. Both reciprocating compressors and rotary vane compressors require a force feed lubrication pump for cylinder lubrication, a water jacket cooling system, and inlet separators to prevent damage due to liquid slugging. That said, there are many differences between the two types of compressors that are important to understand before making a purchase.

Reciprocating compressors are an attractive option for many industries, but they also have significant disadvantages that may rule them out as an option for certain applications. Reciprocating compressors will have much higher vibration levels due to the unbalanced forces and couples. Since they are sensitive to liquids in the gas, they are more prone to failure—when liquids are present, suction valve failure can result.

Reciprocating compressors generally have the advantage of a broader pressure range and flow rate. However recip compressors require up to 25 psig suction pressure to operate efficiently and safely.

Another Way to View Reciprocating and Rotary Vane Compressors
Ro-Flo rotary vane compressors are increasingly being used as boosters, increasing the suction pressure to maximize the efficiency of reciprocating compressors. When used in this way, Ro-Flo compressors can eliminate a costly stage or two of reciprocating compression, enabling remaining stages to operate more efficiently, saving capital and increasing reliability.

Contact us to discuss your requirements of Portable Rotary Vane Compressor. Our experienced sales team can help you identify the options that best suit your needs.